CELL BIOLOGY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

CELL BIOLOGY - Essay Example 4 Shown is a genetic pedigree of a family with several members affected by a heritable disease. Affected individuals are shown in black and healthy individuals are shown in white. Males are shown as boxes and females as circles. 5 Conditional alleles are mutant gene versions that encode proteins that can function normally at the permissive condition but are defective at the restrictive condition; one commonly used condition is temperature. Conditional alleles are especially useful to geneticists because they permit the study of essential genes. At the permissive temperature, the organism lives normally. When the organism is shifted to the non-permissive temperature, the effect of inactivating the gene can be studied. Which of the three types of mutations shown is most likely to lead to a conditional allele? 6 You are studying a diploid yeast strain that normally utilizes glucose as an energy source but can use maltose when no glucose is present. You are interested in understanding how this yeast strain utilizes maltose as an alternative energy source. To begin to understand maltose metabolism, you undertake a genetic screen to isolate genes involved in maltose metabolism by screening for yeast that cannot grow when maltose is the sole energy source. You isolate 6 different mutants, all of which are recessive, and name these alleles mal1, mal2, mal3, mal4, mal5, and mal6. Next, you isolate gametes from the homozygous diploid mutant yeast strains and perform crosses between the different strains to do complementation analysis, because you wish to determine whether the mutations are likely to affect the same or different genes. Your results are shown in the table below: 7 You are trying to map a human gene thought to be involved in cat allergies. Because you know this gene is on chromosome 20, you decide to examine the linkage of several SNPs located on chromosome 20 with respect to the gene involved

Six Sigma versus Total Quality Management Essay

Six Sigma versus Total Quality Management - Essay Example During the past few decades, quality management has emerged as a major competitive edge in business and a source of long term profitability. Different techniques and concepts have evolved to improve product or service quality, including Zero Defects, Six Sigma, quality circles, TQM, Quality Management Systems (ISO 9001 and others) and continuous improvement. Essentially, it means setting up systems and processes that ensure product or service quality and that people are rewarded for doing the right thing, thus keeping their highest-quality performance strong and accurate. This paper attempts to compare, contrast and analyze two such techniques i.e. Six Sigma and Total Quality Management. What is Six Sigma? Bill Smith, a senior engineer and scientist at Motorola in the year 1986 introduced the concept of Six Sigma (Quinn, 2002). The main purpose was to standardize the way defects are counted. Six Sigma provided Motorola the key to addressing quality concerns throughout the organization, from manufacturing to support functions. The application of Six Sigma also contributed to Motorola winning the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality award in 1988 (Motorola University, 1994). Six Sigma not only improved Motorola’s products and processes, it also saved the company more than US $15 billion in the 10 years after it began the program (Microsoft Office System, Operation Agenda, N.D.).